15 free questions from the Cinna RE Virginia real estate exam bank (121 in the app). Tap an answer to check it. The rationale opens right away.
A consumer wants to file a complaint about the conduct of a Virginia real estate licensee. The appropriate body to receive and act on that complaint is:
Answer: A. The Virginia Real Estate Board (under DPOR)
The Virginia Real Estate Board under DPOR investigates complaints and enforces disciplinary action against licensees who violate Virginia real estate law and regulations.
In a Virginia transaction using designated agency, what is the status of the supervising broker who appointed the two designated representatives?
Answer: B. The broker is considered a dual representative of both clients
When a broker designates separate licensees for each side of the same transaction, the broker (and the firm) acts as a dual representative, while each designated representative serves only their assigned client. Written consent to this arrangement is required.
A Virginia broker assigns different agents in the same firm to separately represent the buyer and the seller in one transaction. This arrangement is known as:
Answer: A. Designated representation (designated agency)
Virginia allows designated representation, where the principal broker assigns separate licensees in the firm to represent each client, helping manage the conflict that pure dual agency would otherwise create.
Virginia follows a buyer-beware (caveat emptor) approach to most residential property condition. What does this mean for a Virginia seller's general duty about defects?
Answer: B. The seller generally is not required to disclose all defects, but may not actively conceal or misrepresent them
Virginia is a caveat emptor (buyer-beware) state: rather than a mandatory affirmative defect-disclosure form, the seller typically provides a residential property disclosure statement advising buyers to investigate. The seller still may not fraudulently conceal or actively misrepresent a defect.
In Virginia, advertising that fails to clearly and accurately disclose the brokerage firm relationship or that contains false or misleading statements is generally considered:
Answer: B. Misleading or deceptive advertising, which is prohibited and may subject the licensee to discipline
Virginia prohibits false, misleading, or deceptive real estate advertising. Ads must be accurate and must properly identify the firm. A licensee who publishes misleading advertising can be disciplined by the Real Estate Board; the obligation rests on the licensee, not the platform.
In Virginia, a newly licensed salesperson must complete a specific education requirement before the FIRST license renewal that does not apply at later renewals. What is it?
Answer: B. A 30-hour post-license education curriculum
Virginia requires 60 hours of pre-license education to obtain a salesperson license, and then a 30-hour post-license education curriculum that must be completed before the salesperson's first license renewal. After that first renewal, ongoing continuing education (not the post-license course) applies.
A group of three Virginia salespersons wants to market themselves as 'The Summit Team.' Under Virginia team-naming rules, the team name in advertising must:
Answer: B. Be accompanied by the name of the licensed firm with which the team members are affiliated, so consumers are not misled about the broker relationship
Virginia allows licensees to advertise as a team, but the team name cannot stand alone or imply it is a separate brokerage. Team advertising must include the licensed firm's name so the public understands the team operates under that broker. The team itself is not a separately licensed entity.
In Virginia, when one licensee represents both the buyer and the seller in the same transaction with the informed written consent of both parties, this is called:
Answer: B. Dual agency
Representing both buyer and seller in the same transaction is dual agency. Virginia permits it only with the written, informed consent of both clients because of the inherent conflict of interest.
If a Virginia licensee provides assistance to a party without entering into a brokerage agreement and without that party becoming a client, how is that party generally treated?
Answer: B. As a customer rather than a client
A party the licensee assists but does not represent is a customer, not a client. The licensee still must treat the customer honestly and disclose which party the licensee actually represents, but owes full agency duties only to the client.
If a Virginia salesperson changes affiliation from one broker to another, what is required for the salesperson to continue practicing legally?
Answer: B. The salesperson must be properly affiliated with the new licensed broker before resuming brokerage activity
A Virginia salesperson must always be affiliated with a licensed broker; when changing firms the salesperson must establish proper affiliation with the new broker before continuing to practice.
In Virginia, who holds the listing or buyer-representation agreement and is the principal party to the brokerage relationship with the client?
Answer: B. The licensed broker (the brokerage firm)
In Virginia, brokerage agreements run with the broker/firm; the salesperson acts on behalf of the broker, who is the principal party to the brokerage relationship.
When an applicant passes the Virginia licensing examination, what is generally still required before they may legally practice real estate?
Answer: B. Filing the application, meeting all qualifications, and being issued an active license under a broker
Passing the exam is one step. The applicant must still submit the license application, satisfy all qualification requirements (education, background/fitness), pay required fees, and be issued an active license affiliated with a supervising broker before practicing.
A Virginia licensee advertises a property she personally owns and is selling without using a brokerage. Under Virginia advertising rules, when a licensee advertises property in which she has an ownership interest, she generally must:
Answer: B. Disclose that she is a licensed real estate agent (for example, by stating 'owner/agent' or similar)
Virginia requires a licensee selling her own property to disclose her licensed status in advertising and dealings, commonly noted as 'owner/agent.' This prevents the public from being misled about the licensee's knowledge and position. It is a transparency requirement, not an escrow or neighbor-consent issue.
A Virginia salesperson tells an unrepresented buyer (a customer) confidential negotiating information that belongs to the seller, who is the salesperson's client. Which duty has the salesperson breached?
Answer: B. The duty of confidentiality owed to the client
The seller is the licensee's client, and confidentiality is a core client duty. Revealing the client's confidential negotiating position to the other side breaches the duty of confidentiality owed to the client.
A Virginia broker uses $500 of earnest money held in escrow to cover the firm's payroll, intending to replace it later. Regardless of intent to repay, this act is most accurately characterized as:
Answer: A. Conversion of trust funds, an unlawful use of money belonging to others
Using funds held in trust for the broker's own purposes is conversion, even if the broker intends to put the money back. It is a serious violation in Virginia and grounds for disciplinary action by the Real Estate Board. Commingling is merely mixing funds; conversion is actually using them.
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